Reefer Trucking: Temperature-Controlled Transportation
Refrigerated trucking (reefer) transports temperature-sensitive freight including perishable foods, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. It's one of the highest-paying segments of trucking.
Why Reefer Trucking?
- Higher pay rates: Premium rates for specialized equipment
- Consistent demand: Food and medicine always need transport
- Less competition: Higher barrier to entry
- Year-round work: Produce seasons vary by region
Common Reefer Freight Types
- Fresh produce (fruits, vegetables)
- Frozen foods
- Dairy products
- Meat and poultry
- Pharmaceuticals
- Flowers and plants
- Chemicals requiring temperature control
Temperature Requirements
| Freight Type | Temperature Range |
|---|---|
| Fresh produce | 34°F - 38°F |
| Frozen foods | -10°F to 0°F |
| Dairy | 35°F - 40°F |
| Pharmaceuticals | Variable (strict tolerances) |
Equipment Costs
Reefer equipment costs more than dry van due to refrigeration units:
- New reefer trailer: $70,000 - $100,000
- Used reefer trailer: $45,000 - $75,000
- Refrigeration unit maintenance: $2,000 - $5,000/year
Earnings Potential
Reefer trucking typically pays 15-25% more than dry van:
- Average rates: $2.50 - $3.50/mile
- Peak season rates: $3.00 - $4.00+/mile
Key Challenges
- Equipment maintenance: Reefer units require regular service
- Temperature monitoring: Constant vigilance required
- Time sensitivity: Strict delivery windows
- Spoilage liability: Cargo claims can be expensive
Best Practices for Reefer Drivers
- Pre-cool trailer before loading
- Verify temperature settings match bill of lading
- Document temperature at pickup and delivery
- Check reefer unit every 2-3 hours during transit
- Maintain fuel in reefer tank (don't let it run dry)
- Get reefer breakdown insurance
Reefer Breakdown Coverage
Essential for protecting your income:
- Covers spoiled cargo from mechanical failure
- Typical coverage: $25,000 - $100,000
- Cost: $400 - $800/year additional premium